Kuinoel, Christiaus Theophilus

(Christian Gottlieb Kuhnol in German), a German Protestant theologian and philologist, was born at Leipzic Jan. 2,1768. He studied the classics at the school of St. Thomas, and theology in the university of his native city. In 1788 lie began, by the advice of the celebrated German savant Wolf, a course of lectures at his alma mater on the classics and on the books of the 0. and N.T. In 1790 he was appointed professor extraordinary of philosophy, and in 1796 preacher of the university. In 1799 he declined an invitation to a professor's chair at Copenhagen, but in 1801 went to Giessen, as professor of belleslettres. Subsequently, however, he devoted himself entirely to the exegesis of the N.T., and in 1809 was transferred to the chair of theology as ordinary professor. He died there Oct. 15, 1841. He wrote Messianische Weissagungen d. alt. Testaments ibersetst u. erlautert (Lpz. 1792, 8vo, Anon.) : — Mosece Oracula Hebr. et Lat. perpetua annotatione illustrata (Lpz. 1792, 8vo). lie had published in 1789 a German translation of the same book, with notes: — Observationes ad Novum Testamentum, ex iibris apocryphis Veteris Testamenti (Lpz. 1794, 8vo): — Pericopce evangelicae (Lpz. 1796, 2 vols. 8vo): — Die Psalm zen metrisch ubersetst, muit Amerkungen (Lpz. 1799, 8ve) :Spicileiunz observationum in Epistolam Jacobi (Lipsiae, 1807, 8vo): — Commentarius in libros Novi Testamenti historicos (Lpz. 1807-18, 4 vols. 8vo; 4th ed. Lpz. 1837; reprinted, with the Gr. text added, Lond. 1835, 3 vols. 8vo) -a very able and successful work; one of the best of the modern exegetical works on the N.T. ever issued from the German press, but unfortunately wanting in spiritual insight. It belongs to the range of higher criticism, while Rosenmuller is occupied with the lower. Kuinoel is undecided between orthodoxy and neology, but seems to have so strong an under-current of conviction in favor of the truth as to lead him to admit, with a good share of favor, evangelical interpretations into his pages. As to theological sentiments, he distinctly avows himself a high Arian, and is evidently sceptical concerning the miracles of Christ. His commentary is of the historico-critical kind: — Commentarius in Epistolam ad Hebraeos (Lpzc. 1831, 8vo).-Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, 28:268; Herzog, Real- Encyklop. 19:758; Kitto, Cyclopcediac, ii, 763. (J. H. W.)