Hoogstraten

Hoogstraten (also called HOCHSTRATEN), JACOB VAN, prior of the Dominican convent of Cologne, and an ardent adversary of Reuchlin, Luther, and Erasmus, was born at Brabant in 1454. He studied at the University of Cologne without much success. Nevertheless, he was received master of arts in 1485, and afterwards made prior. His great zeal and opposition to the Reformation secured him the nomination of inquisitor at Louvain, besides a professorship of theology at the University of Cologne, for which he was in nowise qualified. In 1513 he summoned Reuchlin to appear before him, thereby transcending his powers, as Reuchlin, residing in another state, could only be summoned by the provincial of the order. He had already published his Libellus accusatorius contra speculum ocul. Joh. Reuchlini, when the chapter of Mentz took Reuchlin's case in hand. But pope Leo X gave commission to bishop George of Speer to settle the controversy. Hoogstraten, not appearing, lost his cause, and was condemned to pay the costs; but, as he refused to submit to the decree, the whole matter was brought before Leo X, and Hoogstraten was summoned to Rome. Unwilling either to offend the humanists in the person of Reuchlin, or the powerful Dominicans represented by Hoogstraten; the pope issued a mandatum de supersedendo. Returning to Cologne, Hoogstraten published in 1518 two so-called Apologies, full of malice, and in 1519 his Destructio cabale, seu cabalistae perfidice a Joh. Reuchlino seu Capnione (Col. 1519). He also opposed Luther in the most violent manner, proposing that he should be burned at once. Hoogstraten died at Cologne Jan. 21, 1527. His collected works were published at Cologne in 1526. See Herzog, Real-Encyklop. 6, 257; Echard, Scriptor. Ord. Praedicatorum; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Géneralé, 25, 105; Raumer, Gesch. Europa's, 1, 210; Mayerhoff, Joh. Reuchlin u. s. Zeit, p. 158 sq.; Schröckh, Kirchengesch. 30, 248; s. d. Reform. 1, 139; Bayle, Hist. Dict. 3, 471 sq.; Mosheim, Church History, 3, 22.