Exclusiva

Exclusiva in ecclesiastical law, means the right, claimed by Austria, France, and Spain, to exclude each one candidate at a papal election. This right has never been formally acknowledged by the curia, but the claim has always, since the 15th century, been complied with by the conclave, although the Jesuits, shortly before the death of Pius IX, asserted that this rightn should no more be granted, since these states were no longer Catholic, in the old sense of the word, but tolerant rather. See Haberlin, Romisches Conclave (Halle, 1769), page 152 sq.; Ueber die Rechte der Regierungen beim Conclave (Munich, 1872); Bonghi, Pio IX e il Papa Futuro (Milan, 1877), pages 47-58; Mejerj in Herzog-Plitt, Real-Encyklop. s.v.; Smith, Dict. of' Christ. Antiq. s.v. (B.P.)